What is Submucous Resection? Its Risks, Benefits, and Recovery Insights
Around 80% of the people around the world suffer from some form of submucous resection. They are a common problem. Many people don’t even notice these issues but in cases when it starts causes problems in basic nasal function then you will need to undergo a surgery called Septorhinoplasty or submucous resection of nasal septum.
A submucosal resection of the nasal septum is different than the septoplasty. The submucous resection or the SMR is often recommended when the sinus infections are beyond control. The other cases include chronic nosebleeds and difficulty in breathing. Some times the top rhinoplasty or plastic surgeons combine submucosal resection of the nasal septum with cleft palate repair too.
Why Does the Need of Submucous Resection Arise?
This need arises when the septum is too deviated and it needs to be trimmed to restore nasal functions. The septum divides the nose in two passages to promote regular air flow. The septum becomes deviated because of
- Congenital Factors: Some individuals are born with a deviated septum due to genetic or developmental factors. It can result from the way the septum develops during foetal growth.
- Trauma or Injury: A significant blow to the nose, such as from a sports injury, accident, or physical altercation, can cause the septum to become deviated. The force of impact can cause the septal cartilage to shift or bend and create problems.
- Childhood Habits: Certain childhood habits like habitual nose picking, rubbing, or pressing can potentially alter the position of the septum over time as the septum is also in the developmental state and soft.
- Aging: As a person ages, the nasal structures, including the septum, can naturally change in shape and position because of weaking of muscles and lack of skin laxity, potentially leading to a deviated septum.
- Medical Procedures: Previous nasal surgeries or medical procedures, such as septoplasty (surgery to correct a deviated septum) or nasal fracture repair, can inadvertently lead to a deviated septum if the healing process isn’t optimal.
- Nasal Growth: The growth of the nasal structures during adolescence can sometimes result in a deviated septum, as the septum may not grow symmetrically.
- Nasal Polyps: Nasal polyps are noncancerous growths that can develop in the nasal passages. These growths can contribute to a deviated septum by physically pushing the septum to one side.
- Genetics: Genetics can play a role in the development of a deviated septum. If family members have a history of septal deviation, you might be more prone to developing one as well.
- Environmental Factors: Environmental factors like exposure to pollutants, irritants, or allergies can contribute to inflammation and congestion in the nasal passages. This inflammation can affect the shape and alignment of the septum over time.
Another important procedure that is combined with submucosal resection is the treatment of enlarged turbinates. There are three turbinates in each nostril and when they become enlarged or inflamed then it can cause disturbance in breathing.
The treatment of severely deviated septum and enlarged turbinates starts with diagnosis through physical examination. The first line of treatment is allergy and sinus medications to relieve nasal breathing issues. These include decongestants, antihistamines, and nasal steroid sprays. And if they these do not work then the surgeon will recommend a submucosal resection of nasal septum.
What is Submucosal Resection of the Nasal Septum
This procedure involves removing a portion of the septum tissues from under the mucous membrane in the nasal passages. These corrections the structure issues in the nose and improves nasal airflow.
Submucosal stands for Sub+Mucosal. “Sub” means beneath or below, and “mucosal” refers to the mucous membrane, which is the thin layer of tissue that lines various body cavities, including the inside of the nose. “Submucosal” means that the surgical intervention occurs beneath this mucous membrane.
“Resection” refers to the surgical removal or excision of a part of an organ or tissue. In this context, it signifies the removal of tissue from beneath the mucous membrane.
Submucosal Resection of The Nasal Septum Works On
- Septum: A submucosal resection of the septum is performed in septoplasty, which is aimed at correcting a deviated septum. The surgeon removes or reshapes the cartilage and bone that form the septum, located beneath the mucous membrane.
- Turbinates: Turbinates are structures inside the nose that help humidify and filter the air we breathe. In turbinate reduction surgery, excess tissue within the turbinates is often removed or reshaped through submucosal resection, which aims to improve nasal airflow and alleviate breathing difficulties.
Submucosal resection is a highly technical surgery and should be only performed by expert otolaryngologists (ear, nose, and throat specialists) or rhinoplasty surgeons. The surgery is done under general anaesthesia. As with any surgical procedure, it’s important to consult with a qualified surgeon to determine the most appropriate treatment for your specific condition.
Recovery post submucosal resection
The surgery is done fairly quickly and you can go home the next day with the dressing. There are no major risks usually associated with the surgery. A very small number of people get infection and might experience excess bleeding. The incision is very small and placed inside the nose. the sutures are dissolvable and hence there is no need to worry about removing them post-submucosal resection.
Recovery from submucosal resection, a surgical procedure often done to address nasal obstruction caused, can vary from person to person. Here’s a general week-by-week overview of what you might expect during your recovery:
In the first Week
- Immediately After Surgery: You’ll spend some time in a recovery area as the anaesthesia wears off. You might experience grogginess and discomfort.
- Nasal Packing or Splints: If used, these are typically removed within the first week.
- Pain and Discomfort: You might experience mild to moderate pain, discomfort, and a sensation of pressure around the nose and face.
- Swelling and Bruising: Swelling around the nose and potentially under the eyes is common.
- Congestion: Nasal congestion and breathing difficulties are normal during this period.
- Activity Restrictions: Avoid strenuous activities, heavy lifting, and bending over to minimize bleeding and swelling.
- Medications: Pain medications prescribed by your surgeon can help manage discomfort.
In the second week
- Continued Healing: Swelling and bruising should start to improve.
- Pain and Discomfort: Pain and discomfort typically decrease during this week.
- Breathing Improvement: As swelling subsides, you may begin to notice improved breathing through your nose.
- Follow-Up Appointments: You might have a follow-up appointment with your surgeon to monitor your healing and potentially remove any sutures or remaining packing/splints.
In third or fourth week
- Swelling and Bruising: Swelling and bruising should continue to decrease.
- Breathing Improvement: Breathing should continue to improve as the tissues heal.
- Return to Activities: Many people are able to return to work, school, and light activities during this period.
- Follow-Up: You may have another follow-up appointment to assess your progress.
In fifth and sixth week
- Swelling and Bruising: Any remaining swelling and bruising should be minimal.
- Breathing: Breathing should be noticeably improved at this point.
- Activity Level: You may resume more strenuous activities and exercises, but listen to your body and avoid overexertion.
- Final Follow-Up: You might have a final follow-up with your surgeon to ensure your healing is progressing well.
After six weeks
Full Healing: By this time, most swelling and discomfort should have subsided, and you should be enjoying improved nasal breathing.
Results: Your final results should become more apparent as any residual swelling continues to decrease.
Following your surgeon’s post-operative care instructions closely and attending all follow-up appointments is crucial for a successful recovery. If you experience severe pain, excessive bleeding, signs of infection, or any unexpected symptoms, contact your surgeon promptly.
